A Cultural Heritage Pamphlet · Noonmark Publishing

Folk Art of theOjibwe

Fish Decoys of the Lac du Flambeau Band

Fish decoys are one of the oldest forms of folk art in North America — carved by the Lac du Flambeau Band of Lake Superior Chippewa to swim beneath winter ice and lure their catch to the surface. This 28‑page pamphlet traces the craft from ancient necessity to the carvers keeping it alive today.

28 pages · full color
$15 individual copy
$7.50 per copy for shops (10+)
Sunfish decoy carved by Bill Poupart, c. 2000, photographed on a dock over a Northwoods lake.
Sunfish decoy carved by Bill Poupart, c. 2000
What’s Inside

Eight chapters, one winter tradition

Long before clocks or property lines reached the Northwoods, the Waaswaaganing Ojibwe speared fish through the ice by torchlight — using hand‑carved wooden decoys to move like bait and lure their catch to the surface. It was a tool born of necessity, in the hardest season of the year.

Over generations, that necessity became an art form. Folk Art of the Ojibwe follows the craft from its ancient roots through three overlapping eras of carving, into the hands of the individual carvers — and their families — who have kept the tradition alive.

“The art and craft of the fish decoy arose from the most urgent of human imperatives: the need to feed one’s family in the most unforgiving season, a northern winter.”

Printed as a 28‑page pamphlet, full color throughout, with archival photography of decoys from private and museum collections.

Table of Contents
01The Waaswaaganing Ojibwep. 4
02Ancient Roots of a Living Traditionp. 6
03National Significancep. 8
04Eras of Carving: The Primitivep. 10
05Eras of Carving: The Classicp. 12
06Eras of Carving: The Contemporaryp. 13
07The Carversp. 14
08The Guthrie Collectionp. 27
The Carvers

Four decoys, four carving families

The pamphlet profiles the individual carvers behind the tradition — often taught by a father, a neighbor, or a friend on the ice. A few of the decoys featured inside:

Panfish decoy by Buddy Wayman, dark green and black with brass eyes.
Wayman family
Buddy Wayman panfish
Finished in dark green and black with brass eyes; a Wayman sucker decoy is held in the Smithsonian American Art Museum.
Early Chosa working decoy, stained with local roots and bark.
Chosa family
Early Chosa working decoy
Stained with local roots and bark and lightly charred — a fishing tool first, built to work under the ice.
John Snow decorative carving, a transition piece to the Contemporary Era.
Snow family
John Snow decoy
Signed “John V. Snow,” with the pin‑hole fin that marks his later, decorative work.
Sucker decoy by Terry Doud Jr., crosshatched body with dotted fins.
Doud family
Terry Doud Jr. sucker decoy
Crosshatched body with signature dotted fins, a motif drawn from an Ojibwe‑language book.
PL
From the Author
“I began collecting Lac du Flambeau fish decoys about fifteen years ago as a way to learn more about the native tribe on whose reservation my family has vacationed for over 100 years. I have written this pamphlet in the hope that it will encourage others — Northwoods vacationers — to learn more about their native neighbors, and enjoy their vacations just a little bit more.”
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